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Complete Guide to RICS Building Surveys: Level 2 vs Level 3 Explained

January 2025 15 min read 2,847 views
RICS Building Survey Report

When Milton Keynes Surveyors meet with clients buying property across Milton Keynes, Bedford, Northampton, and Buckinghamshire, one of the most common questions we hear is: "Which survey do I need?" Choosing between an RICS Level 2Previously called HomeBuyer Report - suitable for conventional properties in reasonable condition HomeBuyer Survey and a Level 3 Building SurveyPreviously called Full Structural Survey - comprehensive inspection for older or complex properties can feel confusing, especially for first-time buyers navigating the property purchase process for the first time.

This comprehensive interactive guide from our RICS chartered surveyors will help you understand the key differences between these survey types, calculate expected costs, and use our decision tool to determine which survey is most appropriate for your property purchase.

73%
of buyers choose Level 2
£5k+
average savings from surveys
3-5
days for report delivery
100%
RICS accredited

Understanding RICS Home Survey Standards

The Royal Institution of Chartered Surveyors (RICS) sets rigorous standards for property surveys throughout the UK. Milton Keynes Surveyors, as an RICS regulated practice, follows these professional guidelines to provide you with reliable, consistent survey reports that meet the highest industry standards.

RICS Survey Levels Explained

RICS home surveys replaced the old HBR (HomeBuyers Report) and HVA (Home Condition Report) formats in 2019 with three clear survey levels:

  • RICS Level 1 Home Survey (Condition Report): A basic visual inspection suitable for newer properties in good condition. Cost: £250-400. Best for: New builds and properties under 10 years old.
  • RICS Level 2 Home Survey: The most popular choice, ideal for conventional properties in reasonable condition. Cost: £400-700. Best for: Standard properties built after 1900.
  • RICS Level 3 Home Survey: The most comprehensive survey for older, larger, or more complex properties. Cost: £800-1,500. Best for: Pre-1900 properties, listed buildings, unusual construction.

What is an RICS Level 2 HomeBuyer Survey?

RICS Surveyor conducting property inspection

The RICS Level 2 Home Survey (previously called a HomeBuyer Report) is designed for conventional properties in reasonable condition. It provides a detailed assessment of the property's condition using a simple traffic light rating system, making it easy to understand which issues require urgent attention and which are routine maintenance matters.

Traffic Light Rating System Explained

Condition Rating 1 (Green - No Action):

  • No repair is currently needed
  • Normal maintenance only
  • The property element is performing as intended
  • Example: Recently decorated rooms, new windows in good condition

Condition Rating 2 (Amber - Monitor & Plan):

  • Defects that need repairing or replacing
  • Not considered serious or urgent
  • Should be addressed but won't prevent mortgage approval
  • Example: Aging boiler, minor dampness, cracked roof tiles

Condition Rating 3 (Red - Urgent Action):

  • Defects that are serious and/or need urgent repair
  • May affect mortgageability
  • Likely to affect property value
  • Should be addressed before or immediately after purchase
  • Example: Subsidence cracks, major damp issues, unsafe electrical systems

Who Needs a Level 2 Survey?

Milton Keynes Surveyors typically recommend Level 2 surveys for:

  • Properties built after 1900 using standard construction methods
  • Conventional homes in reasonable condition throughout Milton Keynes and surrounding areas
  • First-time buyers (FTB) purchasing modern properties
  • Properties that haven't been significantly altered or extended
  • Flats and apartments in purpose-built blocks
  • Standard terraced, semi-detached, and detached houses in good to reasonable condition
  • Properties where you need a market valuation included

What's Included in a Level 2 Survey? (Full Breakdown)

Condition Ratings: Every element receives a traffic light rating

Market Valuation: Independent valuation helping you understand if the asking price is reasonable

Insurance Reinstatement Value: Rebuild cost for insurance purposes

Key Defects: Urgent issues, significant problems, potential hidden issues requiring investigation

Legal Matters: Boundary disputes, rights of way, planning concerns for your solicitor

Services: Assessment of heating, electrics, plumbing, drainage

Recommendations: Detailed advice on repairs and further investigations needed

Accessibility: Description of what was and wasn't inspected

Photographs: Key images of significant defects

What is an RICS Level 3 Building Survey?

Surveyor inspecting building structure

The RICS Level 3 Home Survey (formerly called a Full Structural Survey or Full Building Survey) is the most comprehensive survey available. Milton Keynes Surveyors provide Level 3 surveys when clients need detailed technical advice about older, larger, or more complex properties.

Who Needs a Level 3 Survey?

Is Level 3 Right For You?

Check if any of these apply to your property:

✓ If you checked 2 or more boxes, consider a Level 3 survey

What's Included in Level 3 Survey? (Comprehensive Breakdown)

Structural Assessment: Detailed technical analysis of all accessible areas including roof spaces, under-floor areas, foundations

Defect Analysis: Every defect described in detail with cause, implications, urgency

Extensive Photography: Typically 50-100+ photographs throughout report

Repair Cost Estimates: Realistic estimates for all identified works

Maintenance Guidance: Long-term maintenance planning and advice

Technical Commentary: Expert analysis of structural matters, movement, damp penetration

Services Detail: In-depth assessment of heating, electrical, plumbing, drainage

Accessibility Statement: Clear explanation of areas inspected and limitations

Recommendations: Prioritized action plan for repairs and investigations

Side-by-Side Comparison: Level 2 vs Level 3

Feature Level 2 HomeBuyer Level 3 Building Survey
Typical Cost (MK Area) £400-700 £800-1,500
Inspection Time 2-4 hours 4-8 hours
Report Length 20-30 pages 40-60+ pages
Market Valuation Included Yes Optional extra
Traffic Light Ratings Yes No (detailed descriptions)
Repair Cost Estimates Not included Included
Roof Space Inspection Basic Detailed
Under Floor Areas Where accessible Comprehensive
Services Assessment Visual only Detailed analysis
Photography 10-20 key images 50-100+ detailed images
Best For Post-1900, standard construction Pre-1900, complex, unusual
Report Format Standardized RICS template Bespoke detailed report

Interactive Survey Cost Calculator

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Which Survey Do You Need? Interactive Decision Tool

Survey Recommendation Tool

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Our Recommendation:

Property Buyer's Survey Checklist

Complete Survey Process Checklist

Follow these steps to ensure a smooth survey process:

Frequently Asked Questions

Can I upgrade from Level 2 to Level 3 after the survey?

While technically possible, it's not recommended and will involve additional costs. The surveyor would need to revisit and conduct a more detailed inspection. It's always better to choose the appropriate survey level from the start. If you're unsure, consult with your surveyor before instructing the survey - they can recommend the most suitable option based on your property's characteristics.

How long does each survey type take to complete?

Level 2 surveys: The on-site inspection typically takes 2-4 hours depending on property size and complexity. Reports are usually delivered within 3-5 working days after inspection.

Level 3 surveys: More comprehensive inspections take 4-8 hours on-site. Due to the detailed analysis required, reports are typically delivered within 5-7 working days, though Milton Keynes Surveyors can often provide rush services if needed.

Will the surveyor open up floors or walls?

No. Both Level 2 and Level 3 surveys are non-invasive visual inspections of accessible areas only. Surveyors will not lift fitted carpets, remove fixtures, or make holes in walls. However, they will access roof spaces, check under-floor areas where accessible via hatches, and inspect all areas that can be reached without causing damage.

If the surveyor suspects hidden problems (such as damp behind fixed units or structural issues behind plaster), they will recommend further investigation by specialists who can open up specific areas with the owner's permission.

What if the survey finds serious problems?

If serious defects are identified, our surveyors will clearly explain the implications. You then have several options:

  • Renegotiate the price: Use the survey findings to negotiate a price reduction reflecting repair costs. Most sellers expect some negotiation after surveys.
  • Request repairs: Ask the seller to complete essential repairs before completion, with evidence of satisfactory works.
  • Accept and budget: Proceed knowing the issues exist and budget accordingly for future repairs.
  • Withdraw: In extreme cases where structural problems are severe or repair costs prohibitive, you can withdraw from the purchase before legal commitment.

Milton Keynes Surveyors provide post-survey support to help you understand your options and make informed decisions.

Do I need a separate valuation?

Level 2 surveys automatically include a market valuation, so you don't need anything separate. This helps you understand if you're paying a fair price for the property.

Level 3 surveys don't include valuation as standard, as clients choosing this level typically need detailed technical information rather than market value assessment. However, we can provide valuation as an additional service if required, typically adding £150-250 to the survey cost.

Can I attend the survey inspection?

Yes, you're welcome to attend, though it's not required. Many buyers find it helpful to walk through with the surveyor, ask questions on-site, and get immediate explanations of any issues discovered. However, the inspection can take several hours and may involve awkward spaces like roof voids and crawl spaces.

If you do attend, remember this is a professional inspection - the surveyor needs to focus on their work and will have limited time for detailed discussions. The comprehensive report and post-survey call are the best opportunities for in-depth conversations about findings.

How much can I save through survey negotiations?

Survey findings regularly lead to significant price reductions. Milton Keynes Surveyors' clients commonly achieve:

  • £3,000-5,000: For properties with damp issues, roof repairs, or aging systems
  • £5,000-10,000: For properties with subsidence history, major structural work needed
  • £10,000+: For properties requiring extensive renovations or with serious defects

Even minor issues can justify £1,000-2,000 reductions. The survey cost of £400-700 frequently saves buyers 5-10 times that amount through successful negotiations.

Conclusion

Choosing between an RICS Level 2 HomeBuyer Survey and a Level 3 Building Survey depends on your property type, age, condition, and your need for detailed technical information. Use our interactive tools above to calculate costs and determine the most appropriate survey for your circumstances.

Milton Keynes Surveyors' chartered surveyors provide both Level 2 and Level 3 surveys across Milton Keynes, Bedford, Northampton, Luton, and throughout Buckinghamshire and Bedfordshire. Our local expertise, comprehensive reports, and personal service ensure you have the information needed to make confident property purchase decisions.

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